Business Objectives - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 741 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/09/22 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Relevance and implication of business objectives models in terms of Nepalese enterprise. Ans: In much of economic theory, it is assumed that a business aims to  maximise profits. In reality, most businesses which are run for â€Å"commercial gain† do have profit maximisation as an important objective – since the shareholders have taken a risk investing in the business and require a return (profit) to compensate them for their risk. Profit maximization is the process by which a firm determines the price and out put level that returns the greatest profit. In the context of nepalese enterprises , most of the firm aim for profit maximization model. ost of the business are profit oriented business try to maximise profit are the business who enjoy monopoly market. Nepal lever limited, Nepal telecom are few business who follow profit maximisation model. They tend to increase their profit by increase the price of the product rather than increasing the sales whenver th ere is increase in cost of production. Sales maximisation theory This model argues that businesses try to maximise sales or revenues rather than profits. There are several possible motives for such an objective ,they are * Grow or sustain market share * Ensure survival * Discourage competition specially new entrants Cover larger market In the context of Nepal, sales maximisation model is followed by the business which has stiff competition in the market. coco-cola and pepsi-cola ,they both are two big companies which sells similar kind of product and has similar product price. So these company try to maximise sells to earn profit . they tend to cover huge market and try beat their competitor interms of sales. Olive Williamson’s model of managerial discretion In this model, Williamson argues that management act to further their own interests – in other words to achieve personal utility rather than to meet the interests of outside investors. Businesses run with this k ind of objectives tend to deliver high levels of remuneration to management rather than the highest possible profits. In this model williamson argues that the most important motives of businessmen are desires for salary,security,dominance, and professional excellence. This can be gained by additional values of expenditure on staff, managerial emoluments and discreationary investement. He also stated that all these factors provide additional utility which managers aim to maximise. In the context of nepal managerial discretion models is used in the most of the big business like banking business, Gorkha brewery etc. n the banking business ,Bank,and most of the private company managers work in favor of maximizing their utility for the effective performance, which maximizes the profitability of the organization. The big private and public company’s managers demand bigger power, job security,social status and these factor plays and important role for company’s performance an d their individual performance Satisficing model plays least impact managerial decision making. It is the traditional way of thinking about how firms operate. In satisficing model the firm wants to maximize the sales with deliberate level of profit. Satisficing behavior involves the owners setting minimum acceptable levels of achievement in terms of business revenue and profit. In Nepal ,small or medium scale business owned by individual or partnership firm tend to apply satisficing model. Mostly they make some profit constraint based on their aspiration and if the profit level goes below that constraint they rather minimize the sales or stop producing the product since these sort of business lack huge capital and their target market is mostly very limited or less . anagers or owners are staisfied to follow certain pattern and tend to stick to that satisfactory level. Cyert and March’s Behavioral theory argue that a behavioral theory of the firm requires attention to organ izational goals, expectations, choice, and control. Only through these characteristics can one truly understand how firms function. Their sub theory on organizational goals focuses on how coalitions of individuals bargain to determine the goals of the greater organization. While the goals of individuals within a coalition may be disparate, so long as the resources available are greater than the demands of the members, the coalition, and thus the organization, will be feasible. The organisational slack gives caution in difficult times. behavioural theory are better suited to the problem dealing with the individual firm and those requires numerical results. We can take an example of banks where bonus shares and additional dividends provided by banks as well are based on this very model of managerial decision in business organizations. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Business Objectives" essay for you Create order

Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird Essay - 1391 Words

Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird In the novel by Harper Lee named, To Kill a Mockingbird, there is one main tragic event that occurs. The feelings and expressions dealt with in the novel are seen through the eyes of the main character, named Scout. In the novel Tom Robinson is a black male accused of rape in Maycomb County. During the same time period as the novel there were many historical events that were almost identical in setting and conclusion. There were many things that happened leading up to the court case that foreshadowed Tom Robinson’s inability to be found innocent of the charges. The Scottsboro case and the case in the novel are similar in many ways, especially in that they ruined the lives of blacks over false†¦show more content†¦In the poverty-stricken parts of Huntsville where Bates spent her time, blacks and whites played together, drank together, and even sometimes slept together† (Scottsboro). It was as if these two women were taking out the anger of their own misfort unes on these innocent black boys. They had no reason to dislike the blacks other than they lived in a time period of racial hatred. The woman in the novel that makes the rape accusations lives in a similar setting to the women in the Scottsboro Trials, and her name is Mayella Ewell. She and her family were not wealthy people, and as a result were forced to live near the black community. Throughout the novel Mayellas father uses racial insinuations such as, â€Å"why, I run for Tate quick as I could. I knowed who it was, all right, lived down younder in that nigger-nest, passed the house every day. Jedge, I’ve asked this county for fifteen years to clean out that nest down younder, they’re dangerous to live around ‘sides devaluin’ my property—â€Å" (Lee 175). Mr. Ewell mentioned that the blacks are a nuisance to live near, which is ironic because the black community would probably say the same thing about him. Another reason that prevented black people a fair trial, was that lies were told, and readily accepted. The black community was not given any credibility inside, nor outside of the courthouse. The Scottsboro Boys Trial is a perfect example of a case built aroundShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird1210 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom who and what surrounds us, things that help to form our identity. Prejudice is an integral theme in Harper Lee’s, To Kill A Mockingbird. Prejudice is evident throughout the novel, not just in the appalling racism but also through, prejudice against different sexual orientations, gender constructs and feminism. Society had certain constructs that had to be met. Throughout To Kill A Mockingbird, Lee breaks the bounds to overcome barriers, and challenge social constructs. This feature article delvesRead MoreHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird Essay567 Words   |  3 Pagesexample in Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird, the small town of Maycomb struggles with these aspects. Each character of the novel has a strong personality. Scout Finch is tough, always has an opinion, and is a tomboy. On the other hand Boo Radley stays hidden most of the time, but we all know he is actually a friend to Jem and Scout. Then there is Tom Robinson, a hardworking, strong, and innocent man. But what do all these characters have in common? They can all be analyzed as mockingbirds. ThroughoutRead More Harper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird Essay1367 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird In the early twentieth century, the United States was undergoing a dramatic social change. Slavery had been abolished decades before, but the southern states were still attempting to restrict social interaction among people of different races. In particular, blacks were subject to special Jim Crow laws which restricted their rights and attempted to keep the race inferior to whites. Even beyond these laws, however, blacks were feeling the pressure of prejudiceRead MoreHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird816 Words   |  3 PagesThe novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee focuses on many themes but courage is mostly shown in the novel. In the novel, there are many examples where the characters have shown courage even when he/she knows that he/she is going to lose it. Atticus Finch is a great example of showing courage in the novel. He shows great courage because he defends a black man even though he knows he is going to lose the case. Another example of showing courage is Mrs. Dubos e. She shows courage because she wantsRead MoreEssay on Harper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird1054 Words   |  5 PagesHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird Courage is the quality of mind that enables one to face danger with confidence, resolution, and gain a firm control of oneself. Many of the characters in To Kill a Mockingbird showed courage in their own way. Courage can come in many different forms: physical, mental, emotional and moral. Courage is not the only main theme displayed in To Kill a Mockingbird; prejudice and education are also very important themes exhibited throughout the progression of theRead More Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird Essay1378 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird The United States has been dealing with the issue of racism ever since Columbus landed on Plymouth Rock. The Indians were the first to endure harsh racism in this country. Pilgrims moving west ran them off their land wiping out many tribes and destroying many resources in their path. However, when many think of racism today, the issue of blacks and whites is the first to come to mind. African Americans have come a long way in today’s society as comparedRead MoreHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird Essay1073 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird written by Harper Lee is novel set in a three year period through the ‘great depression’. Atticus Finch (Jem and scouts father) is originally portrayed as a friendly and understanding person, though when he attends court defending a ‘black man’ as his job, suddenly he and his family begin to suffer racial hatred from their community. The story features on the themes of racism, community morals and the r ealisation of certain truths whilst growing up. It is a fascinating novelRead MoreEssay on Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird2478 Words   |  10 PagesHarper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird During the 1930s, during the time when the novel was set, society was very different to what it is now. To Kill a Mockingbird is Harper Lees story about life in a small town in Southern America during the 1930s. The story is based in the state of Texas, Alabama, in this state slavery was very common and because of this it became to be known as the Slave State. The story involves Atticus Finch a lawyer who must defendRead MoreHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird Essay3848 Words   |  16 PagesHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird The story of To Kill a Mockingbird takes place during the 1930s in a small town in Alabama in the southern United States - much like the town where the author Harper Lee herself grew up. To understand what the book is saying about racism, you need to know something of the history of race relations in the southern USA. Plot ---- The novel is about three years in the life of the Finch family: Atticus and his son JemRead MoreEssay about Harper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird991 Words   |  4 Pagesbe a lady, don’t you?’ I said not particularly† (Lee). Jean Louise Finch is a tomboy growing up in a world where a girl is expected to become a lady. Submissive housewives and proper ladies were the expectations set for women in the time To Kill A Mockingbird took place. Scout Finch lived in a household that had a strong male influence; aside from Calpurnia, she had no real present example of what she was supposed to become. Because of this, Scout refused to conform to the ways of the rest of the

Thoreau’s Views on Simplicity Free Essays

Throughout history, a person’s, or their predecessors’, financial well-being determined their social standing. In the Roman Empire, if you were born a slave, you had to crawl your way to the top, and even then, you could never reach the status of a free person. You simply were not worth as much. We will write a custom essay sample on Thoreau’s Views on Simplicity or any similar topic only for you Order Now In India, the Hindu caste system is largely based on your ancestors’ income. If your parents were born as untouchables, you could never become anything more, doomed to a life of poverty and cleaning out sewers.Even into the supposed ‘modern age’, the mid-1800’s to today’s times, there are definite lines in relation to how high one can rise into society with a certain economical status, and that dictates much of the workings of the world. In Walden, one of Thoreau’s essays in the book is titled â€Å"Economy†. In it, he discusses the money spent on the purchases for his house, and he parallels these purchases with insights into monetary value applies to life situations. Thoreau’s views of life, riches and poverty, and pay are enhanced by his reflections on life and society’s expectations of man. On the very first page of Walden, Thoreau expresses that many people live falsely, and that he has not yet met one person who has lived his life to the fullest and explored every option. Later on in the book, he also ascribes living falsely with having too many things that weigh you down, and that encumber your chances of truly living. He challenges that he would like to see people dragging every single object they own down the road, including the house and the land on which they live. â€Å"How many a poor immortal soul have I met well nigh crushed and smothered†¦ reeping down the road of life, pushing before [them] a barn seventy-five feet by forty. .. and one hundred acres of land, tillage, mowing, pasture, and wood-lot! † (Walden, pp. 2) Thoreau illustrates that no one needs all of the things they have, even if it shows their own wealth, and that it hinders one from living sincerely. To live sincerely, Thoreau says, one must take time to do as he did, and he suggests that every young person follow in his steps and live simply, out in the woods.He kept a list of all his expenses, which were kept surprisingly spare, because he believed that having less was commendable. Robert Richardson, in his essay for the Smithsonian Magazine, wrote that â€Å"[in] his writings, and in Walden above all, Thoreau forged a thought-out way of life, a philosophy that insists that the individual turn not to the state, not to the gods, not to society, or even to history for a guide to life, but to nature and the self. † Mr.Richardson shows clearly that Thoreau’s philosophy of life was about living simply, without social encumbrances. The book also shows some revealing sections on poverty and wealth. â€Å"In this sense, Walden was directed toward the poor in spirit, whether they were like the impoverished and over-worked Irish laborers with whom Thoreau came in contact or those ‘seemingly wealthy’ who had ‘forged their own golden or silver fetters’. † (The Economic Design, pp. 87-588) In Walden, Thoreau calls the people with their wealth, presumably the opposite of himself, â€Å"the most terribly impoverished class of all† (Walden, pp. 10) Although Thoreau does spend more time on the excess of wealth than the actual economy of society (Economy of Living), Thoreau stoutly shows that a surplus of wealth stops you from doing truly enjoyable things- such as being outside and thinking about life- and then he turns to the poor. Early on in Walden, Thoreau shows that being poor means that you are at the mercy of whatever it is you still owe. †¦ some of you who read this book are unable to pay for all the dinners which you have actually eaten, or for the coats and shoes which are fast wearing†¦ † (Walden, pp. 3) Although he scorns the poor here, earlier he pledges that he is most likely making the most sense to poor students. He believes that they are the ones who will best understand what he is writing about, since they live in perpetual poverty. He praises the intelligent student, but scoffs at the things that they must pay for, sapping away the little money they do have. †¦ while he is reading Adam Smith, Ricardo, and Say, he runs his father into debt irretrievably. † (Walden, pp. 33) In the part of â€Å"Economy† where Thoreau records all of his costs, he is careful to write down also what he thinks of them, saying that some of it was worthless, that some of it was too expensive. He did not simply want to write these down so that people would be able to see these costs; Thoreau wanted to make a point. You may be poor in money or house, but if you spend the money you do have wisely, you will not be poor in life.The cost of learning makes many a young student penniless, and Thoreau strongly disagrees that this is how a student should learn. He was outraged that you had to pay for something like knowledge, and writes in â€Å"Economy† that one does not need all that time in school to learn all that one needs to learn. Thoreau examines the living costs of a Cambridge room, and is astounded that you have to pay for that as well as schooling. According to him, your time should be spent doing what you have to, and your money saved.Saving up one’s money seemed to be very important to Thoreau, and he resolutely believed in using as little money as one could to get somewhere or do something. In Walden, Thoreau rebukes a man who asks him why he does not go and travel, since he seems to be a man who would enjoy doing so. Thoreau challenges the man to finding out who would get to the chosen destination first, he, who would simply walk there, or his companion, who would have to wait for a job to come along, and then to save up enough money to get there and back.It is obvious which one would be better off, Thoreau concludes, and his meaning behind that is that it is important to save up only for what is truly important, and not for small things that you could do without so much of the time. In Walden, Thoreau discusses many crucial issues of both his day and today, including paying for worthless items, the concepts of wealth and poverty, and the options for living your life appropriately. In Thoreau’s day, these were affairs debated daily, and the standards of high living were beginning to come into question.And it wasn’t just then. Even going back to the beginning of time, there have been important questions based on personal and worldwide economy, and it is still important because of what is going on in these times. What Thoreau was saying through his unique philosophy was that in living simpler, and by not using up so much of their precious money, the world will be better and finer, and that people will all have a purer way of life.JSTOR: New England Quarterly. Web. 30 Sept. 2010. . â€Å"Ingentaconnect GIBRAN’S THE PROCESSION IN THE TRANSCENDENTALIST CONTEXT. † Ingentaconnect Home. Web. 29 Sept. 2010. . â€Å"Transcendentalism Essays. † MegaEssays. com – Over 100,000 Essays, Essays and Term Papers Available for Instant Access!! Web. 29 Sept. 2010. . â€Å"Walden Essays. † MegaEssays. com – Over 100,000 Essays, Essays and Term Papers Available for Instant Access!! Web. 29 Sept. 2010. . How to cite Thoreau’s Views on Simplicity, Papers